Bug fix as fix bugs that prevent work

Why do people fail to get and complete the task? Where are the hitches, incorrect evaluation and procrastination? Why can't people understand each other, though seemingly not stupid and speak the same language?

As it turned out, the reason for all of this, one cognitive distortion. That's about them and talk.

Cognitive distortion — bugs in the human psyche that prevent objectively perceive reality. A lot of them and they are found in each — the Wikipedia page in the list of cognitive distortions under 130 points and 129 you will likely find yourself. These include the power of first impressions, the desire to justify and even the reason why we cannot give adequate assessment task.

Cognitive distortions — as bad habits. You can live, but it would be better to deal with them. And then bad habits even easier: at least we know that Smoking or sharpening pizza under cover of night — krasnovato, and it would be necessary one day to stop it. A cognitive distortion if a person don't know something don't even know what to fight. The brain itself is against it (but more on that below).

as cognitive distortions interfere with my work, to understand each other and ultimately to perform the tasks that they need to go. This applies to managers, developers, designers, analysts and copywriters — all. In a perfect world, everyone catches and fixes its own distortions, but in reality, as we know, no testers (side view) this rarely happens. So be prepared: if you are fixate your bug one day others will come and force you to do so. And I'll tell you how :) I will Not consider all 130 of distortion — taking only those that were captured in our Studio and often found in workers in the it sector.

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Generalization of particular cases

Generalizing the particular cases of cognitive distortion, because of which the person extends the task. However, he was not even aware that it can be done easier and faster. Most common among programmers, and is rarely fixed on their own. To correct this cognitive distortion, we need the help of the Manager. At least once he will have to enable Varan management.

There is a bike that lizard bites a victim, and poisons her. The poison acts immediately, therefore, after the monitor lizard goes for bitten and waiting when he will die. And then eats.

as closely as the monitor for my future lunch, the Manager should monitor the work of the developer or designer. In contrast to animals from the wild, they don't die from this, but — a miracle! — the deal is done, but the lizard is still hungry :) by the Way, programmers only at first it is unpleasant (and unpleasant idea that they would do that). Then, oddly enough — the man is drawn and aligned.

This method is guaranteed to puts brains in place and reduces the procrastination and in the end it turns out that instead of a week can without much straining be solved in one day. Or the hour. Or 20 minutes. Well, you understand.

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It's impossible!

Among the cognitive distortions, you can highlight a whole group of those who hinder to start doing the task. They are also more common in programmers and designers, although sometimes it skips and managers in response to customer wishlist. And usually expressed categorically: "This is impossible!"

this reaction for several reasons:

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too lazy to understand the new task;

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, the effect of load resistance, and the man wants to prove that he is free to decide what to do and what not;

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task contrary to the sense of beauty.

This bug is already easier to catch yourself. Just need to remember and believe that there are no impossible tasks. Remember — think about what resources are needed to accomplish the task.

If you caught this cognitive distortion from colleagues — ask him the same question, what I would ask myself: "Tell me, please, what you need to do this task?". And repeat it, until the colleague does not understand that he does not believe, and indeed the task is not so impossible.

Well, in the future, if the situation repeats, "That's impossible!" you will have a case as the man task with the same diagnosis decided for N minutes. Remind him this story a couple of times and then he will know how he fixes this bug.

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the Curse of knowledge

the Curse of knowledge — a situation when people are more informed can not consider the problem from the point of view of someone who knows less. Here, by the way, so many misunderstood geniuses. Among managers even more than for programmers or designers. Basically this bagula found in inexperienced managers who think that to do SO was the obvious solution, which even do not have to speak (which, of course, was not made and is not formulated in the problem). And the fact that the programmer/designer/analyst that does not understand — his school. Of course, this need to fix.

the Curse of knowledge is eliminated samtrediuli. You need to catch their illogical behavior and to step on your tail. Try to build a constructive dialogue, even if not very desirable. And then life can be lived, thinking that everything is stupid, and you're the one in coat standing beautiful. But in fact they are quite the opposite.

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a Personal insult

the Following cognitive distortion — when criticism of the result is perceived as a personal insult to those whose work is criticized.

This distortion is often found in creative individuals. Especially if they are sleep-deprived and in a bad mood. For human emotions, so he rarely can control themselves, offended and throws objections. To steer this situation in a constructive and not to offend anyone, need to act according to the following algorithm.

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1. to Separate good and bad.
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2. In the work, we need to change, still had some positive moments — remember them and praise a colleague.
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3. Explain what error. Perhaps someone knows how to fix this error, and it therefore resists and rebels.
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4. re-Initiate a debate or brainstorm on the past issues.
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5. Ask for help of colleagues or select an additional resource — for example, the time in research.
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6. Insist on remaking bad.
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7. Fix lessons learned: find out the reason why distortion is activated, and remember how you fixed.
   

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generation Effect

pay tribute: not all cognitive distortions — cause of problems and misunderstanding. There are also useful. For example, "effect of generation". Due to this distortion the person remembers information better when it reproduces itself, and not perceived from the outside. So if you doubt that correctly understood the task, or are afraid to forget, just repeat it out loud.

there is Something similar in the aviation regulations. When the Manager on the ground conveys some information, the pilot needs all of it to repeat. In such a situation, the high price of errors, so the repetition is necessary, first, to exclude noise and other mess. Second, the pilot managed to set the desired parameters while listening, and just thought with their devices when responding. And, thirdly, to consolidate the information received to effect the generation of the bonus.

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Blind spot

This is exactly what I mentioned in the beginning of the article — the brain does not want to notice your imperfections. Therefore, there is a blind spot in relation to cognitive distortion. Even if the person knows about them, it is unlikely that they influenced his behavior. And the consequences will be blamed on the circumstances and the folly of others. And, accordingly, will not do anything to fix your cognitive distortions.

Therefore, if you notice that tasks are done with knots and zadorinok, and want to change it — try to evaluate objectively, maybe the reason for that is cognitive distortions? If you think of course not — better just in case, ask your colleagues. Blind spot not valid for other bugs :)

Now that you know about cognitive distortions, and even understand, in some places, they stick out and interfere with my work, you will be able to deal with them. Of course, it will be difficult at first, but still a blind spot to be. But with time it will decrease. And then you and your colleagues will become easier to live and work in process will become less inexplicable crap and more constructive, peace, friendship and gum.

what is described in this article — the tip of the iceberg of cognitive distortions and anomalies in the operation of our brain. If the topic you are hooked and want more, I recommend reading these books:

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• Oliver sacks. The man who mistook his wife for a hat
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• John O. Cooper, Timothy E. Heron, William L. Heward. Applied behavior analysis (a couple of introductory chapters can be viewed SDAs)
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• Cialdini, R., Kenrick D., Neuberg S. Social psychology. Understand yourself to understand others
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• Cialdini, R. Psychology of influence. Convince, work, defend yourself

Article based on information from habrahabr.ru